PERFORMANCE OF PRE RELEASE MID LATE CLONES FOR CANE YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND CCS YIELD.

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N. SABITHA, M. HEMANTH KUMARANDK.R.TAGORE

Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V. Agricultural College, ANGRAU, Tirupati-517 502, Chittoor (Dist.),Andhra Pradesh.

ABSTRACT

Testing of twenty prerelease clones against the two standard checks Co 99004 and Co 86032 at Agricultural Research Station, Perrumallapalle during 2016-17 resulted in identification of three promising clones viz., Co 13016, Co 13020 and Co 13008 for stalk diameter, stalk length, single cane weight, percent juice, sucrose, NMC, CCS yield and cane yield. These three clones may be recommended for commercial cultivation in farmers’ fields after thorough testing under on farm testing.

KEY WORDS:

Sugarcane, clones, CCS yield, NMC

INTRODUCTION

Sugarcane is an important commercial crop of Andhra Pradesh. It is grown in an area of 1.20 lakh ha primarily in Visakhapatnam, Chittoor, West Godavari, Krishna, East Godavari, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam and Nellore districts under diverse irrigated and rainfed conditions. The area under cultivation of sugarcane is declining rapidly due to the increase in cost of production, non-availability of labour and timely nonpayment of cane price. Thus, cane cultivation has become non remunerative to farmers. Vertical increase in cane productivity is important so as to make cane cultivation more remunerative and viable. Selection and cultivation of high yielding, high juice sucrose clones coupled with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses would help in increasing cane productivity levels. Presently choice of clones to farmers and sugar industry is very much limited for different farming situations. A few clones viz.,87A298 (Viswamitra), 2003V46(Bharani) and Co 86032 (Nayana) are under extensive cultivation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for identification of suitable clones with high yield potential, having desirable juice sucrose quality along with tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Hence, the present study was carried to identify the sugarcane clones superior to the currently grown clones for cane and sugar yields.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Twenty prerelease clones along with two standard checks Co 99004 and Co 86032 were tested in a RBD with three replications at Agricultural Research Station, Perumallapalle during 2016-17. Each clone was planted in eight rows of six meters length. A spacing of 90 cm between two rows was adopted. Recommended agronomic practices viz., weed control, fertilizer application, irrigation, cultural and plant protection measures were followed in raising a healthy crop. Data was recorded on cane yield, length of millable canes, cane diameter, single cane weight at harvest, juice sucrose at harvest and number of millable canes were recorded as per the standard procedures (Meade and Chen, l977). Sugar yield (CCS) was estimated based on cane yield and CCS per cent. The data was analyzed following standard statistical procedures (Panse and Sukhatme, 1978).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Analysis of data indicated the existence of significant differences among clones for all the characters studied (Table 1).

Stalk length (cm):

Stalk length ranged from 269.5cm (PI 13131) to 380.5cm (CoN 13073) among the clones with a mean of 325.5cm. All the clones recorded significantly higher stalk length except two clone viz.,PI 13131(269.5cm) and CoSnk 13 103(270.5cm)

Stalk diameter (cm):

Stalk diameters-ranged from 2.60cm (Co 99004) to 3.30cm (Col3009, Col3005 and Co 13020) with a mean value of 3.0cm. Three clones Co 13009, Co 13005 and Co 13020 registered higher cane diameter of 3.3cm.

Single cane weight (kg):

All the clones recorded significantly higher single cane weight except for the clone CoT13366. It varied from 1.10 (CoT13366) to 1.90 kg (Co 99004) with a mean value of 1.60 kg.

Number of millable canes (000/ha):

It ranged from 51.7(Col 3014) to 106.1 (PI 13131) with a mean of 79.6 (000/ha). The test clones PI 13131 (106.1), Co 13016 (105.2), Co 13020 (97.3), Co 13018(95.9), Co 13008(98.2), Co 13009(75.6), Co 13006(83.0), PI 13132(88.8), Co Snk 13103(91.9), Co Snk 13104(87.7), Co Snk 13106 (84.3) and CoN1307 (81.2) registered significantly more number of millable cane at harvest over the best standard Co 99004 (65.10 thousands / ha) but CoT 13366(73.5) and CoSnk 13105(73.7) recorded significantly more NMC at harvest over the standard Co 86032 (63.40 thousands ha-1).

Per cent juice sucrose:

None of the test clones recorded significantly higher juice sucrose over the standards (Co86032 and Co 99004). However all the clones except CoT 13366 were found significantly superior over mean.

The trait ranged from 14.50 (CoT 13366) to 19.90 percent (Co 99004) with a mean of 18.0 percent

Cane Yield (t/ha)

It ranged from 154.8 (Co 13016) to 76.9 XJ ha (Co 13011) with a mean of 116.30t/ha. Among the test clones Co 13016 (154.8 t/ha), Co 13020(154.0 t/ha), Co 13018(140.8 t/ha), Co 13008(148.2 t/ha), PI 13131(136.4 t/ha), CoN 13074(128.0 t/ha), Co 13016 (127.0 t/ha) and PI 13132(129.0 t/ha) recorded significantly higher cane yield over the best standard Co 99004 (110.0 t/ha).

CCS yield (t/ha):

CCS yield ranged from 10.9 (CoM 13082) to 22.63(Co 13016) with a mean yield of 13.90 t/ha. Five test clones Co 13016 (22.63 t/ha), Co 13020 (20.69 t/ha), .Co 13018 (19.69t/ha) , Co 13008 (19.67/ha) and PI 13131(19.34t/ ha) recorded significantly higher CCS yield over the best standard check Co 99004 (17.80 t/ha). However, Col3006, Co 13009, CoN 13074, CoSnk 13104, £oSnk 13106, CoSnk 13103, CoSnk 13105 and PI 13132 recorded significantly higherCCS yield over standard check Co (86032) (13.40 t/ha)

CONCLUSIONS:

The clones Col3016, Col3020 and Col3008 are found superior for stalk length, stalk diameter, single cane weight coupled with higher NMC at harvest, percent juice sucrose and cane yield thus recording higher CCS yield at harvest. Henceforth these high yielding clones after thorough testing in multi locational trials as well as in farmer’s field can be recommended for commercial cultivation